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Table of Contents for:
5.Portfolio and Rubric --4 Rubric
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> Portfolio (technical term of educational evaluation)
◆Portfolio (technical term of educational evaluation)◆A portfolio originally means a folder or file for carrying papers. However, this loan word has drawn a lot of attention recently since it is used to represent an evaluation method for Integrated Learning. Portfolio evaluation is defined as "a way to store, in a file, compositions, reports, works and tests a student creates in the course of learning activities, and photos and video tapes which show his/her activities." (Glauert, 1999, p.8) Since Portfolio evaluation means not recording, but evaluating students' achievements, it is generally recognized that storing everything created through learning activities is not required. In portfolio evaluation method, a teacher is to choose meaningful things to store and file them in front of the child concerned. By doing so, the teacher intends to 1) let the child clearly know what he/she has achieved, 2) let him/her know why it is highly evaluated, 3) enhance his/her sense of achievement, pride or self-efficacy, and 4) nurture metacognitive ability to control his/her learning activities by showing the next task. The portfolio evaluation method is similar to the original usage of the word "portfolio" in stock market as securities portfolio (a set of securities which are not linked to each other) in a way a selection is made in order to maximize the outcome. In the U.K., students aged 16 and over are obliged to make a portfolio for themselves and show that they learned enough to obtain General National Vocational Qualifications by showing the portfolio (Glauert, 1999). The Portfolio evaluation aims at nurturing a child who can organize his/her learning outcome and demonstrate his/her achievements based on the portfolio. If students were trained to assert themselves by presenting evidence in junior high school and upper schools in Japan, I think we could have tougher and stronger children. Source: Suzuki, K. (2000) Considerations of Hours of Integrated Learning in Junior High Schools (3): Evaluation method – Portfolios, Feedback and Accountability Broadcasting Education, June 2000 (Vol.54, No.6), pp.44-45 (To nurture students who can assert themselves based on portfolio evaluation) (Japanese only) Next, let's visit some Websites where we can learn about portfolio. Portfolios can be used in many purposes, including evaluation of student work, teaching practices, and organizational accreditation. Examine what are common to the three examples below. If you would like to see more examples, search by the keywords of "sample portfolio": you will find too many!  Required Websites
 Website for Reference
Website for Japanese students
The sites below are Japanese example of student portfolio and teaching portfolio. If contrived to be readable since pages are composed of not only textual information but graphic also. However, it has not been updated since its creation in 2000. The site is also interesting as e-learning material. This will be enough if you get an overview of the way portfolios are used.
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